Misinformation is incomplete or false information that is inadvertently provided and is not intended to deliberately mislead.
Disinformation is deliberately shared misinformation that can be motivated by, among other things, political and social influence, financial gain and vandalism.
Malinformation occurs when factual information is intentionally shared to cause harm or damage (such as leaking personal information into the public domain).
Using artificial intelligence and machine learning, original image and/or audio material is manipulated to create videos/audio recordings that can easily be mistaken for authentic.
There are suspicious and even fraudulent publishers online whose main goal is to collect publication fees from researchers. These publishers have been called predators.
Hybrid influence describes politically motivated systematic actions aimed at achieving one’s objectives by using various complementary means and exploiting the weaknesses of the target. These means can include economic, political, or military strategies.
The term “information influence” refers to systematic efforts to impact public opinion, individual behavior, and decision-makers, ultimately affecting the functionality of society. This concept is one component of hybrid influence.
For example, to use ChatGPT, you need to create an account, which allows data to be collected, which is a privacy issue. AI tools may require you to provide a phone number or other personal information. Online you should be careful about what information you share when creating an account.
Be sure to carefully review the program's privacy policy and terms of use.
What is artificial intelligence (AI)?
AI is the ability of a machine to display human-like capabilities such as reasoning, learning, planning and creativity.
Types of AI (European Commission’s definition)
Artificial intelligence has been used in search engine algorithms and database operations for quite some time. However, recent developments in generative AI and the adoption of large language models (LLMs) have been rapid. From the perspective of information retrieval, AI has the potential to condense and organize vast amounts of data, helping users grasp topics and concepts.
Language models, such as ChatGPT, Microsoft’s Bing, and Google’s Bard, rely on the probabilities of word sequences. They do not directly retrieve information from the internet or databases; instead, they generate responses based on these probabilities. Consequently, language models are not suitable for scientific information retrieval. The accuracy of the generated text should always be verified elsewhere, as the sources may be fictional.
It’s important to note that language models do not have access to licensed content behind paywalls, such as subscription-based library resources.
How to recognize research-based information?
2. Find search terms with Finto -service e.g. YSO General Finnish ontology
3. Search in Janet Finna by topic
Search from Jamk Library collections in Janet Finna with your search terms. Try also these ready-made subject searches: most recent in Qualitative research, Methodology, Academic writing
4. Book tips on Research literature
5. Finnish Social Science Data Archive keeps you up to date
Finnish Social Science Data Archive provides access to a wide range of digital research data and services https://www.fsd.tuni.fi/en/services/
Data Management Guidelines
In the guidelines you will find, among others, detailed advice on preparing a data management plan, guidelines on informing research participants about the processing of their personal data, and practical tips on anonymising both quantitative and qualitative research data. The online guidelines are written by FSD's data service experts.
https://www.fsd.tuni.fi/en/services/data-management-guidelines/
Check also Jamk guide in Data management!
Policy - Utilising Artificial Intelligence at Jamk
Instructions for students – students are always responsible for the text or other content they produce and for the sources they use.
Artificial intelligence is not a scientific source and should not be used as a source for a thesis or learning assignments.